Development trend of RF board to board coaxial connector
With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, the application of "board to board" coaxial connector in wireless system module interconnection is more and more extensive, such as: communication base station, RRH, repeater, GPS equipment and other similar applications. After several generations of evolution, "board to board" coaxial connector is developing from limited tolerance to large tolerance.
The background and driving force of the "board to board" coaxial connector being more and more widely used come from two development trends of wireless equipment Market: smaller size and lower price. As we can see in the wireless terminal market, smaller, lighter and cheaper are also the development trend of wireless device market. The reduction of equipment size means that it can save space, reduce weight and leave more margin for other design of the system.
The continuous reduction of equipment size requires that the integration degree of all devices in the equipment is higher and smaller, which also includes the RF coaxial connectors and cable components widely used in the RF modules and interconnection between them. For example, the RRH (remote radio head), which is widely used in the distributed base station system, must be designed very compact in order to be installed on the top of the tower and in the dense urban environment simply, conveniently and reliably. In order to control its size as much as possible, the coaxial interconnection system carrying its RF signal transmission must be more compact. The traditional complex cable component connection is being replaced by the simple, compact and reliable "board to board" coaxial connector connection which can carry more than 100W RF signal power at the same time.
"Board to board" coaxial connector connection has been familiar to more and more RF and structural design engineers. More and more designs are using "board to board" coaxial connector connection, which makes designers consider more and more cost. The market needs to design a simpler and lower cost "board to board" coaxial connector scheme.
There are two main challenges in the mechanical structure design brought by the continuous reduction of connector size: first, compared with the large-scale connector, the small-scale connector is more difficult to match and align. Second, the mechanical strength of small size connector is low, and it is easy to be damaged if not used properly. Generally, large-size connectors can withstand the use of large mechanical force in the fit without damage, but small connectors need to be more accurate in the fit.
Another important mechanical indicator is the blind insertion range, which indicates the ability of the connector to allow a biased fit. The angle of blind insertion range is at least equal to the angle of working tolerance, but it is generally far greater than the angle of working tolerance.
Obviously, when the connector is matched, it is necessary to consider to avoid the failure of connection or connector damage caused by hard collision of two connectors. Allowing a certain degree of tolerance fit will avoid this problem. In addition, tolerance fit is also allowed to make blind interpolation possible in the non visible state. Many blind plug schemes adopt the "bowl" design to import connections. Blind plug-in cooperation improves the design of the connector from the functional level to the user-friendly level. The design should not only consider the effective signal transmission function of the connector, but also be easy to plug and use.
The development of RF "board to board" coaxial connector has experienced three generations. The third generation "board to board" smp-max coaxial connector has achieved higher tolerance level and lower cost. The first generation of "board to board" SMP coaxial connectors can only provide limited tolerance and can not meet the latest design requirements. The second generation "board to board" SMP spring coaxial connector provides large tolerance, but the design is more complex and the cost is high. The third generation "board to board" smp-max coaxial connector provides designers with good cost and performance margin, and will become the mainstream of the RF "board to board" coaxial connector Market in the future.
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